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Saint-Domingue
Saint-Domingue ((:sɛ̃ dɔ.mɛ̃ɡ)) was a French colony on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola from 1659 to 1804. The French had established themselves on the western portion of the islands of Hispaniola and Tortuga by 1659. In the Treaty of Ryswick of 1697, Spain formally recognized French control of Tortuga island and the western third of the island of Hispaniola.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Hispaniola Article )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dominican Republic 2014 )〕
In 1791, the slaves and some free people of color of Saint-Domingue began waging a rebellion against French authority. The rebels became reconciled to French rule following the abolition of slavery in the colony in 1793, although this alienated the island's dominant slave-holding class. France controlled the entirety of Hispaniola from 1795 to 1802, when a renewed rebellion began. The last French troops withdrew from the western portion of the island in late 1803, and in 1804 this territory declared its independence as the Republic of Haiti.
==Overview==
Spain controlled the entire island of Hispaniola from the 1490s until the 17th century, when French pirates began establishing bases on the western side of the island. The official name was ''La Española'', meaning "The Spanish (Island)". It was also called ''Santo Domingo'' or ''San Domingo''.
Beginning in the 1630s, the Antilles were divided among the colonial powers. Spain received Hispaniola and named their colony Santo Domingo, after Saint Dominic. The western part of Hispaniola was neglected by the Spanish authorities, however, and French buccaneers settled there, first on the Tortuga Island, then on ''le Grande Terre'' (the mainland of Hispaniola). Spain later ceded the entire western portion of the island to France. The French called their portion of Hispaniola Saint-Domingue, the French equivalent of ''Santo Domingo''. The Spanish colony on Hispaniola remained separate, and eventually became the Dominican Republic, the capital of which is still named Santo Domingo.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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